Drying oil composition



Patented Jan. 14, 1941 F FICIE.v

name OIL cotrrosrrron George D. MartlmNitro, W. Va... assignor toMonsanto Chemical Company, St. Louis, Mo., a corporation of Delaware NoDrawing Application December 30, 1938,

Serial N0. 248,583

9Claims.

The present invention relates to a coating composition and moreparticularly to a coating composition containing a drying oil such as,for example, paint, varnish, enamel and the like.

It is common knowledge that many paints tend to form a film or skin overthe surface when exposed in bulk to the air and often during storage inclosed containers. This property is particularly noticeable in thepresence of certain pigments and with "compositions containingappreciable quantities of China wood oil or polymerized linseed oil. Theprevention of skinning is a problem of great importance in dippingoperations since the paint is necessarily exposed tothe oxidizing actionof the atmosphere during such procedure. .Some compositions withotherwise desirable properties are not suitable for this type of workbecause of the rapid formation of a skin over the surface.

A small proportion ora positive oxidation I catalyst is usuallyincorporated in paint compositions in order'to obtain a hard dry film ina relatively short time. The dryer is usually a salt 01' a heavy metalsuch as lead, manganese or cobalt and the incorporation of thisso-called dryer results in certain objectionable properties as well asthe desirable property of faster drying. Thus, there is a markedtendency of the paint to skin rapidly upon standing in an open containerand also during storage. Furthermore, the oxidation of the dry filmcontinues beyond the desired stage with resultant deterioration andcracking.

It is an object or the present invention to provigle a drying oilcomposition of improved proper es.

Another object is to provide a drying oil composition of improvedresistance to skinning in bulk or in the container.

A fiu'ther object is to provide a coating'composition comprising adryingoil and possessing improved properties.

A still further object is to provide a class of materials whichsubstantially prevent undesirable oxidation of drying oil compositions.Other objects will be hereinafter shown- In accordance with the presentinvention it has been discovered that the phosphoric esters ofpolyhydric phenols are important and desirable adjuvants to drying oilcoating compositions. These products, in general, are obtainable byreacting a polyhydric phenol with a pentavalent phosphoruscompoundcapable 01' forming an ester, as for example phosphorus and equivalentsand analogues thereof.

pentachloride, phosphorus oxy chloride, phosphorus pentoxide, and insome instances phosphoric acid itself. From the reaction of polyhydricphenols and phosphorus halides both halogen and neutral esters areobtainable and both types have been found to be effective and areincluded within, the scope of the present invention.

Typical examples oi the preferred class of compounds includeo-phenylenephosphoric acid chloride PCl 0 3 o-phenylene phosphate 0 s /j /a. \b

p-hydroxy phenyl o-phenylene phosphate \POO-OH 8 p-phenylene diphosphorie acid dichloride) vIii) E di butyl p-hydroxy phenyl phosphateg i 006E. noOo-P poem. amyl o-phenylene phosphate As one method ofoperating the present inwhich readily skins on contact with the air,were placed in a suitable container, a small proportion of one of thenew class of antiskinning agents incorporated therein and observationsmade at regular intervals as to the skinning of the composition, wherebyit was found that the new and preferred class of antiskinning agentsprevented the formation of a skin for extended periods of time.

As a specific embodiment of the present invention 20 grams of a quickdrying enamel comprising a gallon China wood oil varnish containing 2.5%of a mixed lead manganese and cobalt dryer was placed in a wide mouthopen container of 50 cc. capacity. 20 milligrams of antiskinning agentwas incorporated therein and a comparison made as to the skinning timeof the same enamel containing no inhibitor of skin formation, atemperature of 25 C. being maintained throughout the test. Resultsexemplary of the properties of the preferred class of materials whentested in the manner defined above are given in the table.

Table coicentral'gays beon are or- Antmkmmng agent employed. mation ofpercent skin {Blank 1 c-Phenylene phosphoric acid chloride 0. 1 21o-Phenylene phosphate o. 1 17 Arnyl o phenylene phosphatmr- 0. 1 35 ingmaterial. Generally it is found that less than 1% of the preferredmaterial will be sufflclent. Ordinarily 0.05 to 0.50% is sufficient. It

is obvious that the processes and compositions described herein may bevaried widely in their details without departing from the spirit orscope of the present invention. The present invention is limited solelyby the appended claims.

What is claimed is: 1. A coating composition containing a drying oilhaving incorporated therein a phosphoric ester of a polyhydrio phenol.

'2. A coating composition containing a drying oil having incorporatedtherein a halogen containing phosphoric ester of a polyhydric phenol.

3. A coating composition containing a drying oil having incorporatedtherein a neutral phosphoric ester of a polyhydric phenol.

4. A coating composition containing a drying oil having incorporatedtherein a halogen containing phosphoric ester of a dihydric phenol.

5. A coating composition containing a drying oil having incorporatedtherein a neutral phosphoric ester of a dihydric phenol.

6. A coating composition containing a drying oil having incorporatedtherein an o-phenylene phosphoric ester.

7. Acoating composition containing a drying oil having incorporatedtherein o-phenylene phosphoric acid chloride.

8. A coating composition containing a drying oil having incorporatedtherein o-phenylene phosphate.

-9. A coating composition containing a drying oil having incorporatedtherein amyl o-phenylene phosphate.

. GEORGE D. MARTIN.

